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Methodology

How the numbers are calculated

Eco Bizzy prepares Scope 1 and 2 estimates following the GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard and published EPA emission factors. This page lists the factors and versions we use, the formula behind every figure, and exactly where our boundaries sit.

Factor sources & versions

  • EPA eGRID2023 — grid electricity emission rates by grid region, used for Scope 2 (location-based). This is the latest official EPA release. Our current default subregion is CAMX (California); sites outside California need their own subregion.
  • EPA GHG Emission Factors Hub (2025 edition) — stationary and mobile combustion factors for natural gas and other fuels, used for Scope 1.
  • IPCC AR5 — 100-year global warming potentials used to convert CH₄ and N₂O to CO₂e.

Each figure in your report names the specific factor and its version. Our current factor set is version 2025.1. When EPA publishes newer official data, we update the factors and bump the version.

The formula

Every line follows the same simple calculation:

emissions (CO₂e) = activity data × emission factor × global warming potential

Activity data comes from your bills (kWh, therms, gallons, and so on). The emission factor comes from the EPA sources above. Global warming potentials come from IPCC AR5. Nothing is estimated where a measured figure exists on your bill.

Scope boundaries

Scope 1 — direct emissions we include:

  • On-site fuel combustion (e.g. natural gas for heating and process).
  • Company-owned or -controlled vehicles and fleet fuel.
  • Refrigerant and other fugitive releases where data is available.

Scope 2 — indirect energy emissions we include:

  • Purchased electricity (location-based, using EPA eGRID by grid region).
  • Purchased steam or heat where applicable.

Excluded: Scope 3 value-chain emissions are outside the standard Scope 1 & 2 report. Where included as an optional screening estimate, they are clearly labelled as directional — never presented as a precise figure. Your report states its full included/excluded boundary in plain language.

What this report is — and isn't

This is an estimate prepared from client-provided data using GHG Protocol methodology and EPA emission factors. It is not a third-party assured or audited inventory. Every number is traceable to a source bill, a cited factor with its version, and AR5 global warming potentials, so your customers can see exactly how each figure was reached.
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